ࡱ> ceb L$bjbj11 4Np[gp[g&%f f    8D >("666)>+>+>+>+>+>+>$@PCJO>O>66d>F66)>)>576@[WF[6>z>0>q66CC,77C8PO>O>O>Cf X : Summary of International Farm Management Congress (IFMA) 23, Copenhagen (June 27 to July 1, 2022) This brief report summarises the 12 plenary and 43 paper contributions at the 23rd, 5 day biannual congress held in Copenhagen from June 27 to July 1. More information about this event can be found at  HYPERLINK "https://ifma23.org/" IFMA23 - Welcome Summary: plenary session (day 1) As is normal for an IFMA congress, the first plenary session summarised the agriculture and food systems of the host nation, in this case Denmark and the wider Scandinavian countries. This was followed by a summary of key global issues by Johan Swinnen (Global Director of Systems Transformation (CGIR) and Director General of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)). He identified key demand challenges as rising trends in hunger, poverty and income inequality; and key supply issues as increases in oil and fertilizer prices, and government embargos on food and fertilizer exports. It was somewhat refreshing to have a discussion on the use of land to produce food. These were followed by presentations coving other key farm business management topics, many related to these trends: the impacts increased input prices on cash flow management; farmers borrowing decisions; and collateral asset values. The focus was on managerial ability, gathering and using quality management information, and scenario planning - having a Plan B may no longer be sufficient, we all need Plans C & D, and even E!. However, the debate on how to share the roles of government and private firms in developing resilient food systems less global more local, and increased diversity of supply was gently passed over. There are lots of problems and no easy solutions. Even after allowing for substantial dietary changes (which are not guaranteed) it is clear that farmers will need to produce more from less. But this is something farmers, with the help of geneticists and technologists, have been doing for many years now (Defra 2022). The question of what can universities do to increase their contribution to delivering more from less, and how they can better communicate their research to farmers, have also been key considerations in our discussions on the development of NUFarms. Delegates agreed that farmer-led field trials, designed by experts, with data recorded to the standard necessary for peer review publications would represent a major step forward. Summary: Plenary sessions (day 3). Day 3 opened with two presentations focused on land use efficiency. A consideration of the benefits and disadvantages of land sharing and land sparing was followed by a presentation showing what ARLA Foods is doing. As one of 12,500 European dairy farmers who supply ARLA a Danish-Swedish multinational cooperative NUFarms has some insight into how it helps farmers, for example, to identify sources of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the presenter declined to share an overview summary of the many individual farm footprints ARLA has created. So the opportunity of a data-led discussion with an audience ideally suited to understand the issues raised was missed. Nevertheless, some evidence was presented on the use of technologies to increase nitrogen use efficiency (citing Yara field trials which apparently showed 83% increase in nitrogen use efficiency compared to the average EU-27 of 62%). A key conclusion was the need to use big data analysis to direct land use to maximum efficiency. Even more of a pity then that he had chosen not to share the farm-based greenhouse gas records with delegates. There followed two studies into the impacts of changes in consumer demand on the development and innovation in food markets. Perhaps unsurprisingly the question what is local? was not addressed, it is, after all, essentially a subjective decision. Maria Donis discussed the pressures of producing chicken to animal welfare standards above those applying to other EU countries where, despite effective labelling, import penetration was approaching 30%. This is a problem for farmers around the world: the need to compete with imports which are not required to meet similar high domestic production standards is a problem UK farmers are once again confronting as the government negotiates trade agreements with countries around the world. Farm visits (days 2 and 4) A key feature of all IFMA congresses is the two days set aside to visit farms, research organisations, input suppliers and food processing businesses. This provides delegates with an inside view of Danish (and to those who crossed the bridge, Swedish) farming, food and countryside. We saw fields of clover and grass grown for seed, and spinach crops. But it was the number of trees in the landscape that was the major surprise. Trees in hedges and fields, with many small coppices, reflects the type of agroforestry landscape the Climate Change Committee would like to see develop across the UK. In Denmark it is in part because of their smaller farms and smaller fields, which in the UK we think hampers productivity. Denmark is synonymous with cooperative businesses. Even though, the business structure of Dansk Landbrugs Management (DLM) was as interesting as it was unusual. DLM supplies four farm managers, 18 full time employees and all the machinery required to farm over 5,000 ha on 10 farms, which are separated by 140 km. It is a version of the UKs contract farming agreement. The land owner receives all the EU area payments. Thereafter the land owner and DLM each pay 50% of all the costs and receive 50% of the output on a farm-by-farm basis. This means recording keeping using technology and manual records is given a high priority. Each of DLMs four farm managers has their own speciality: IT and GPS; fertilizer and pesticides; organic production systems; and EU regulations. The entire business is managed by a 32 year old agriculture graduate who had worked for DLM is his in-between year before graduating. After developing his own building business, he completed his military duties before returning to University to study for a FBM masters degree. Following a spell working on farms in Australia he returned to DLM to take up his current position. There is no doubt our farm business management graduates could follow a similar career. Many already work in Australia after graduating to add practical experience to the principles and practices learnt as a student at 山. Though we do give relatively little formal tuition on IT/GPS just one more reason why we need to constantly monitor and where necessary update our curriculum as we train the next generation of farm managers. Defra (2022) Total Factor Productivity and the United Kingdom agricultural industry, provisional estimated 2021.  HYPERLINK "https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/total-factor-productivity-of-the-agricultural-industry/total-factor-productivity-of-the-united-kingdom-agricultural-industry-provisional-estimate-2021" Total Factor Productivity of the United Kingdom agricultural industry, provisional estimate 2021 - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk) Jeremy Franks (July 2022)     PAGE  PAGE 1 '=GQZabcnux{ - . / N O P Ǻ~qq`qqq`!jh@h3OJQJU^Jh@h3OJQJ^Jh@htH*OJQJ^Jh@htOJQJ^Jh "OJQJ^JhcOJQJ^Jh "h "OJQJ^Jh@h&sOJQJ^Jh@h]5OJQJ^Jh@hg5OJQJ^Jh@h6T5OJQJ^Jh@h&s5OJQJ^J"bcb c 5 6 +,. 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